Sometimes, when we saw a golf ball carefully we wondered why their characteristics, especially in the design of its surface texture rugosa.Podríamos easily believe that this is a whimsical design of those who develop, but this not, but behind this rough surface, there is a reason for this appearance. It is important that those starting in golf, even from children, to know and learn the basic themes of this sport to help to a better understanding of this discipline. If we go back to the laws of hydrodynamics, we find a physical principle called "Magnus Effect", it causes a curved path on any object while moving in one direction, turns on itself in a axis perpendicular to the plane moves. By rotating the ball, has a hand that moves in opposite direction of their displacement, while the opposite side moves in the same direction of movement produced by the initial impulse. As a basic principle of physics, we find that an object moving in a fluid, drag from the fluid around them. Therefore, it would cause a relative displacement of air that is close to the ball for the rest of the air around them, being fastest in the rotation movement is in favor of the motion of displacement. To understand more clearly, imagine moving down at a football thrown forward, the same is rotated clockwise. Here the strength of the "Magnus Effect" on the left side of the ball will be greater than on the right side, thus causing the trajectory to curve to the right. But we must also mention that this physical phenomenon is directly proportional to the density of the fluid, in this case air. Recall that the air is more dense in winter than in summer and also is denser at sea level than at higher altitudes, and this is the reason why it is easier to send a curve ball in winter, as is also easier to score in basketball when one is at sea level. The rough surface of the golf balls helps increase the air drag next to them, so the "Magnus Effect" will be greater, achieving in this way to get bends more easily.
The variety of materials used through the years has been crucial to analyze the evolution of golf balls and understand the development and evolution of this deporte.Entendamos that each new material used in them changing the characteristics of movement of the ball and this also led to the change in the design of the clubs, as well as the style of play, even the label and the size of the fields. Wooden ball .- Certainly there is very little documentation to report on the period in which they were used. However, we know that were made of very hard wood trees and were used between 1400 and mid-seventeenth century. .- Leather ball is manufactured with three pieces of leather bull or horse and closed with two rectangular pieces. The filling consisted of goose or chicken, and when the ball was wet, the leather shrank when dry pressing feathers, while the feathers expanded to dry. This was a fairly hard ball with which he could play. There were no formal measures for them in terms of its size or weight. Then, trying to make them more visible, the leather balls were painted white. Their use ended in about 1850. Gutta Percha ball .- When they appeared in 1850, relegated entirely to leather balls were made of a material like a rubber tree originated in East Asia. The first gutta percha balls were prepared by heating the material in water and then were given the hand-molded spherical shape while still staying warm, even years after they are manufactured metal molds. Its hardness did not allow damaged easily when hit with irons and being battered they could be reused after heated and reshaped. Soon marks were added on the surface of the balls in an attempt to give greater aerodynamic stability, since the shock and had become quite predictable. The first marks simulating cuts made with an iron and later in 1880, using molds whose marks were circular and radiating from the poles of the ball. Rubber core ball .- were created in the late nineteenth century and initially tensioned rubber bands were woven around a rubber core, then covered them with gutta percha or balata and other materials. Until 1900, it appeared the ball weaving machine rubber core and from there was mass production. This ball was much easier to hit and drive away the rose, so they had to enlarge the playing field and change its design. In addition, she had to change the game strategy and the number of clubs increased. As we can see the history of golf and play the way they had in the evolution of the balls, a decisive factor for new ways to play this sport, as well as the renewal or amendment of accessories, rules and even playgrounds.

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